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PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY PRACTICE QUIZ:
ROCKS I
1. What are the three major classes of rocks?
- Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
2. What is molten rock material called?
- Magma
3. What do we call rocks which have formed from the cooling and solidification of molten material?
- Igneous rocks
4. What do we call magma that reaches the surface of the Earth still molten (that is, erupts out of a volcanic vent)?
5. Is lava extrusive igneous rock or intrusive igneous rock?
- Extrusive igneous rock
6. Magma which cools and solidifies below the Earth’s surface is called plutonic rock. Is plutonic rock extrusive igneous rock or intrusive igneous rock?
- Intrusive igneous rock
7. Extrusive rock cools so rapidly that there is little time for crystals to form. Does this make it fine-textured or coarse-textured?
- Fine-textured
8. Intrusive igneous rock cools slowly, so large mineral crystals may form. Does this make it fine-textured or coarse-textured?
- Coarse-textured
9. What do we call loose particles that result from the weathering of pre-existing rocks, or from chemical action or an accumulation of organic material?
- Sediments
10. When these loose particles lithify to form rocks owing to pressure or chemical cementation, to which major class do these rocks belong?
- Sedimentary
11. What do we call rock that has been changed into a different rock as a result of heat and/or pressure (but not enough heat to completely melt the rock)?
- Metamorphic rock
12. Basalt is composed of minerals high in iron and magnesium. Is basalt extrusive igneous rock or intrusive igneous rock?
- Extrusive igneous rock
13. What do we call plutonic rock with a composition similar to basalt but with a coarse-grained texture?
- Gabbro
14. Rhyolite is a fine-grained volcanic rock high in quartz and feldspars. What do we call plutonic rock with a composition similar to rhyolite but with a coarse-grained texture?
- Granite
15. What do we call a sedimentary rock formed from compacted sand grains?
- Sandstone
16. What do we call sedimentary rock formed from fine-grained clay and silt particles?
- Shale
17. What do we call metamorphic rock usually derived from limestone?
- Marble
18. What do we call foliated metamorphic rock with very thin layers of platy materials such as mica?
- Schist
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